English version: PORTRAIT OF AN ARTIST (French version follows)
PIERRE-AUGUSTE RENOIR was one of the most influential French artists
Eve Middleton charts the life and times of a humble genius.
Eve Middleton charts the life and times of a humble genius.
Born in Limoges on February 25, 1841, Pierre-Auguste Renoir was a key member of the Impressionist movement that defined the world of art in the 19th century. With a strong emphasis on female sensuality, his work is noted for its accessible warmth and celebration of beauty.
As the sixth of seven children, Renoir grew up in a creative middle-class household - his mother was a seamstress and his father a tailor. His schooling took place in Paris, where he began his education at the age of three. Ten years later he returned to Limoges to take up an apprenticeship in the porcelain atelier Lévy Frères & Co. It was here that his artistic interest was sparked and he began to take a number of night classes in drawing and painting.
In 1862, Renoir was accepted to the acclaimed Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. His fellow students included Claude Monet and Frédéric Bazille, who became close friends over the course of their studies. His first work to be exhibited in the artistic circles of the salons was Esméralda in 1864. The painting provoked great acclaim, yet Renoir, ever the perfectionist, destroyed it shortly afterwards.
Although he started to make a name for himself, Renoir’s real success did not come to fruition until around a decade later, partly due to the upheaval created by the Franco-Prussian War. The first impressionist exhibition - taking place in London in 1874 - was to be his true coup de force, with six of his paintings hanging on the walls of the collection. Yet a further salon exhibition just two years later saw his work panned, and he distanced himself from the salons to form a breakaway group with his fellow impressionists.
Over the years he traveled widely to locations as varied as Algeria, Spain, Italy, and Guernsey, drawing inspiration for his paintings. His experience painting outside with Monet in La Grenouillère particularly influenced his approach to color and light, (as seen to a greater extent in Monet’s work). It was after this sojourn that Renoir, now resident in Montmartre, produced his best-known work - Le Bal du Moulin de la Galette (1877).
After selling the tableau, Renoir’s fortunes were once again on the wane and he decided to return to the salon around 1880. Thanks to the orders placed by wealthy patrons, his style became more marked by contrast and stronger definitions. In 1890, he married Aline Chariot from the village of Essoyes in Aube. Together they had three children; Pierre, Jean, and Claude. After his marriage Renoir painted many scenes from his domestic life at their holiday home in Essoyes.
In 1907 Renoir developed the arthritis that was to affect him until the end of his life. He continued to paint, and his style once again evolved as his grip on the paintbrush weakened. Before he died in 1919 he was able to make the trip to the Louvre to see his work hanging on the walls. He died later that year and is buried in Essoyes.
Over the course of his career Renoir created around 6,000 works, a record broken later only by Picasso’s prolific output. Today the village of Essoyes is creating a cultural project entitled Du Coté des Renoir, focusing on the painter and his family’s association with the area. The village-wide tourist attraction is currently getting a facelift and the Renoir’s renovated house and garden atelier, along with l’Espace Renoir, an interactive visitors’ center, will be opening later in the year, which goes to show that Renoir and his work are still as appealing today as they were during his lifetime.
Version française : PORTRAIT D’UN ARTISTE


